复旦大学发表最新Nature论文

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant role of RNA polymerase III (Pol III) in synthesizing essential RNA types, including 5S rRNA, tRNA, and short non-coding RNAs, which are crucial for protein synthesis, RNA splicing, and cell cycle regulation [2] Group 1 - The transition mechanism from the initiation phase to the elongation phase of Pol III transcription remains unclear despite the structural determination of the transcription initiation complex (PIC) and elongation complex (EC) [3] - A recent study published in Nature by researchers from Fudan University reconstructed the complete dynamic process of human Pol III transcription initiation, revealing the molecular mechanism driving the transition from initiation to elongation [3][5] - The research identified seven human Pol III transcription complexes that stalled on the U6 promoter, capturing both the initial transcription complex and the elongation complex through cryo-electron microscopy [5] Group 2 - The study demonstrated extensive modular rearrangements during the transition from the transcription initiation complex to the elongation complex, indicating a significant structural change [5] - It was observed that Pol III initiation factors do not immediately dissociate from DNA after transcription, supporting the hypothesis of a rapid re-initiation mechanism [6] - The findings provide molecular insights into the dynamic changes and re-initiation mechanisms of Pol III at high-demand small RNA type 3 promoters, marking the earliest recorded transition from initiation to elongation in RNA polymerase [8]