为何你在融资后丧失了公司控制权？50个股权设计要点详解

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the complexities of equity structure in modern enterprises, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach to equity distribution that motivates teams while ensuring stable development and preventing founders from losing control. Group 1: Equity Structure - Equity is not just a numerical ratio but a complex combination of rights, including voting rights, dividend rights, and operational decision-making rights [1] - The principle of "same share, same rights" is crucial for the equity lifeline [1] - Different equity structures, such as dual-class shares, require consideration of overseas listings [1] Group 2: Board Decision-Making - The decision-making mechanism of the board differs from that of the shareholders' meeting, following a "one person, one vote" system [2] - A temporary board meeting can be proposed by one-third of the directors or supervisors, and the chairman must convene it within ten days [2] - Founders must consider how to prevent control dilution as financing progresses, which involves complex, personalized designs [2] Group 3: Control Rights - Absolute control is defined as 67%, allowing for amendments to company bylaws and capital increases [3] - Relative control is at 51%, enabling decision-making on significant matters [3] - Various thresholds for veto rights and other powers are outlined, such as 34% for veto rights and 20% for defining competitive rights [3] Group 4: Employee Equity Incentives - Employee equity incentives focus on fairness across different positions and ongoing motivation after obtaining equity [5] - Methods include excess profit incentive, virtual stock dividends, progressive registration stock incentives, and option stock incentives [5] - The "PSP" model offers a three-year cycle with increasing dividend percentages, addressing short-term incentive issues [5] Group 5: Investor Rights - Investors prioritize capital rights, with shareholding ratios varying by funding stage, such as 5%-10% in seed stages and 10%-20% in angel rounds [6] - Voting rights often include veto rights and protective clauses due to concerns over capital safety and trust in the founding team [6] - Various preferential rights are outlined, including priority dividend rights and anti-dilution rights [6] Group 6: Course Offerings - The article promotes a course on equity design and partnership systems, covering the entire equity lifecycle from initial setup to exit strategies [8][9] - The course includes over 60 lessons and practical case studies to address common risks and operational challenges [9]