从「十元店」到全球七千多家门店，名创优品为何越来越「难赚钱」？| 声动早咖啡

Core Viewpoint - Miniso, founded by Ye Guofu, has rapidly expanded its store network but is now facing growth challenges and declining profits despite increasing revenue [2][14]. Group 1: Company Background and Expansion - Ye Guofu established a jewelry chain called "Aiya Ya" in 2004, which peaked with over 3,000 stores but faded due to e-commerce competition and lack of product differentiation [1]. - In 2013, Miniso was launched using a similar model, focusing on a wide range of home goods, and quickly expanded to 7,488 stores by March 2023, with over 3,200 located overseas [2][5]. Group 2: Business Model and Revenue Generation - Nearly 99% of Miniso's 4,275 stores in mainland China are franchise stores, with the top 50 franchisees operating half of the total stores [5]. - The franchise model allows Miniso to maintain revenue growth by providing management services while franchisees cover initial investments and operational costs [5][6]. Group 3: Challenges and Market Saturation - Miniso is experiencing a "growth bottleneck," with revenue growth not translating into profit, leading to an 18% drop in stock prices following the release of its Q1 financial report [2][6]. - The over-reliance on new store openings has created a cycle of losses due to market saturation and increased competition among franchisees [6][7]. Group 4: International Expansion and Strategy - To combat domestic market saturation, Miniso is focusing on international markets, initially in Southeast Asia, and has shifted to a direct operation model in regions outside Asia [7][8]. - The company is also investing in larger, higher-end stores to enhance brand image, which has increased operational costs [8]. Group 5: Product Strategy and IP Utilization - Since 2022, Miniso has shifted its strategic focus towards IP-related products, which can increase customer purchase frequency and average transaction value [9][11]. - However, reliance on external IP licensing has led to rising costs, with over 100 million yuan spent on licensing in Q1 2023 [9]. Group 6: Adjustments and Future Directions - Miniso is implementing a "close small stores, open large stores" strategy, having opened around 100 large stores that generate three times the average sales of regular stores [11]. - The company is also expanding its TopToy brand internationally and has partnered with Meituan for its lightning warehouse business to enhance operational efficiency [13][14].