石英玻璃纤维的性能和用途

Core Viewpoint - Quartz glass fiber, with a silica content exceeding 99.99%, exhibits exceptional thermal resistance and electrical insulation properties, making it suitable for various high-temperature applications in aerospace, military, and semiconductor industries [1][3][5]. Production Process - Quartz glass fiber is produced by refining pure natural crystal into molten quartz glass rods, which are then drawn into fibers. The production methods include hydrogen-oxygen flame and plasma methods, with various coatings applied based on intended use [3][4]. Physical and Chemical Properties - The chemical composition of quartz glass fiber closely resembles that of high-purity quartz glass, resulting in similar physical and chemical properties [4]. - It has superior electrical insulation properties, with the lowest dielectric constant and loss factor among mineral fibers, making it ideal for high-frequency applications [5][6]. Mechanical Properties - Quartz glass fiber has a tensile strength of 6,000 MPa, which is three times that of standard glass fibers. Its tensile modulus and elongation at break are also competitive compared to other fibers [11][12]. Thermal Properties - The softening temperature of quartz glass fiber is 1,700 °C, and it can be used continuously at temperatures up to 1,050 °C. It exhibits minimal weight loss (less than 1.5%) after being subjected to 1,000 °C for 1,000 hours [16][17]. Applications - The superior electrical insulation properties make quartz glass fiber suitable for radar domes in military aircraft, electromagnetic emission windows, and high-frequency circuit boards [20]. - Its thermal resistance allows for applications in aerospace, such as heat-resistant auxiliary facilities around spacecraft engines, thermal protection systems, and ablative materials for re-entry [21].