一季报利润暴跌67.88%，洽洽食品创历史最差

Core Viewpoint - Despite being the global sales champion for five consecutive years, Qiaqia Food (002557.SZ) has faced increasing pressure on its performance in recent years, with a significant decline in revenue and net profit in the first quarter of 2023 [2]. Group 1: Financial Performance - In Q1 2023, Qiaqia Food reported revenue of 1.57 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 13.76%, and a net profit of 77.25 million yuan, down 67.88%, marking the worst quarterly performance since its listing [2]. - The decline in revenue is attributed to the timing of the Spring Festival and a high base from the previous year, while the sharp drop in net profit is due to rising costs of sunflower seeds and certain nut raw materials, which have negatively impacted gross margins [2][5]. - The company's overall sales volume decreased by 4.62% in 2023, with sunflower seed revenue experiencing a year-on-year decline for the first time in six years [5]. Group 2: Pricing Strategy and Cost Management - Qiaqia Food has relied on price increases to offset rising raw material costs, with significant price hikes implemented in 2018, 2021, and 2022, which initially led to revenue growth [4]. - However, in 2023, the previous pricing strategy failed to enhance profits, resulting in a 5.36% decline in sunflower seed revenue [5]. - The overall gross margin fell from 28.78% in 2024 to 19.47% in Q1 2023 due to increased procurement costs [7]. Group 3: Channel Structure and Revenue Sources - In 2024, revenue from distribution and other channels reached 5.67 billion yuan, accounting for 79.49% of total revenue, marking the first time this channel's revenue share fell below 80% since 2021 [9]. - Direct sales revenue increased from 1.06 billion yuan in 2023 to 1.46 billion yuan in 2024, with a revenue share rising from approximately 15% to 20.51% [9][10]. - The rapid expansion of discount snack stores has disrupted traditional distribution channels, with Qiaqia Food's gross margin from distribution channels at 29.75%, compared to 25.01% from direct sales, which has decreased by 4.32 percentage points year-on-year [11][12]. Group 4: E-commerce and Market Competition - E-commerce, another important direct sales channel, generated 779 million yuan in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 8.86%, but with a gross margin of only 19.39%, significantly lower than offline sales [12]. - Compared to competitors like Three Squirrels and Good Products, which have higher online gross margins and revenue, Qiaqia Food faces challenges in capturing the e-commerce market [12].