德国大储市场重磅利好！惯性市场开放与输电费重构

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the opening of the inertia service market to battery energy storage systems (BESS) in Germany starting from 2026, which will provide an additional revenue stream for these systems through fixed-price contracts for inertia services [2][3]. Inertia Service Market - From 2026, German transmission system operators (TSOs) will pay BESS for providing inertia services, crucial for maintaining frequency stability in the power grid [2]. - The compensation will be based on fixed price contracts lasting between 2 to 10 years, with initial pricing set by TSOs and valid for two years [2][3]. - The first procurement window's pricing details will be announced by January 28, 2026 [2]. Technical Requirements and Costs - Inertia service providers must meet specific technical requirements, including valid certification throughout the contract duration, although detailed standards and procedures are yet to be disclosed [4]. - BESS must be equipped with grid-forming inverters to provide inertia services, potentially increasing capital expenditures for these systems [3]. Grid Fee Reform - The Federal Network Agency of Germany has initiated a review process for structural reform of the current grid fee mechanism, which currently only charges end-users [5]. - Proposed reforms may include expanding the fee structure to include power generation sources, with options for fixed fees, capacity-based charges, and dynamic pricing [5][6]. - Storage facilities currently enjoy a fee exemption until 2029, and the agency aims to create a long-term framework that integrates storage technology into the grid [5]. Future Storage Goals - The Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection emphasizes that climate protection goals can only be achieved with a high installed capacity of storage systems [7]. - Current grid development plans project that by 2037, small battery storage capacity will reach approximately 67 GW, and large battery capacity will reach about 24 GW, with further increases expected by 2045 [7]. Energy Storage Projects - A list of planned large-scale storage projects in Germany includes various collaborations and timelines, indicating significant investment and development in the sector [9]. Subsidy Policies - Various subsidy policies are in place to support energy storage systems, including low-interest loans, investment grants, and tax incentives, aimed at promoting the adoption of BESS [10].