储能松绑、但中资企业受限、光伏和电动汽车遭重创！美国"大而美"法案生效

Core Viewpoint - The "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill signed by President Trump is expected to exacerbate the U.S. fiscal deficit and debt risks while altering the competitive landscape for the renewable energy sector, particularly solar and electric vehicle industries [1][3]. Summary by Sections Tax and Subsidy Adjustments - The bill adjusts tax credits and subsidy policies, differentiating between renewable and traditional energy sectors, with significant implications for solar and electric vehicle industries [1]. - It terminates several clean energy tax credits, including those for new energy-efficient homes and renewable energy equipment, potentially jeopardizing up to 4,500 clean energy projects across the U.S. [9]. Energy Storage Provisions - The bill extends the energy storage investment tax credit (ITC) to 2036, providing a longer policy support window for the energy storage industry [5]. - The phase-out schedule for the ITC has been adjusted to a more gradual decline, which is expected to stabilize market expectations [5]. - New funding of $1 billion is allocated for grid reliability, energy storage, and transmission infrastructure upgrades, focusing on long-duration storage technology [3]. Restrictions on Foreign Entities - The bill imposes restrictions on foreign entities, particularly those from China, in energy storage project construction, which could limit participation from Chinese companies in the U.S. market [6]. - However, the restrictions on foreign sensitive entities have been relaxed compared to earlier versions of the bill, allowing for some level of foreign material sourcing under specific conditions [7]. Impact on Electric Vehicle Industry - The bill eliminates federal tax credits for new electric vehicle purchases, which could severely impact the electric vehicle market [10]. - Additional fees, such as a $250 highway usage fee for electric vehicle owners, are introduced, significantly increasing the cost burden compared to traditional fuel vehicles [11]. Global Market Implications - The "Big and Beautiful" bill poses challenges for Chinese energy storage companies, which dominate global supply chains, as U.S. developers may need to exclude Chinese suppliers to qualify for tax credits [12]. - The potential for similar legislative actions in other regions, such as the EU, could lead to a global restructuring of the energy storage supply chain, affecting the competitive dynamics of the renewable energy sector [12].