“大而美”法案，特朗普就任以来的最大胜利？| 每天听见吴晓波

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the passage of the "Big and Beautiful" Act by the U.S. House of Representatives, highlighting its significant tax cuts for corporations and wealthy individuals while adversely affecting lower-income populations [3][4][12]. Summary by Sections Tax Cuts and Economic Impact - The "Big and Beautiful" Act permanently extends the corporate and personal tax cuts from Trump's first term, reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% and extending tax incentives for business investments [6][7]. - Most personal and estate tax provisions set to expire in 2025 are also made permanent, benefiting wealthy individuals while cutting $1.2 trillion from programs like Medicaid and food assistance [8][11]. - The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the act could lead to 11.8 million Americans losing health insurance and 3 million low-income individuals losing food assistance over the next decade [8]. Criticism and Social Consequences - The act has been criticized as a "robbing the poor to pay the rich" policy, as it disproportionately benefits the wealthy at the expense of the working class and vulnerable populations [12]. - According to Yale University, the lowest-income Americans may see a 2.3% decrease in after-tax income over the next decade, while the highest-income individuals could see a 2% increase [11]. Environmental and Defense Spending Changes - The act effectively dismantles Biden's green energy policies, eliminating tax incentives for electric vehicle purchases and increasing support for traditional energy sources [13]. - It also significantly boosts military spending and immigration enforcement, allocating an additional $150 billion for military and $70 billion for border enforcement [14]. National Debt Implications - The act is projected to increase the national debt by $3.4 trillion, raising it to nearly $40 trillion, with a provision to raise the debt ceiling by $5 trillion [15]. - Analysts view the passage of this act as a major legislative victory for Trump, marking a significant shift in U.S. fiscal policy from Biden's focus on clean energy and social welfare to Trump's tax cuts and defense spending [15][16].