特朗普威胁对进口药征收200%关税！留给企业至少一年“缓冲期”

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential impact of President Trump's proposed high tariffs on imported pharmaceuticals, which could reach up to 200%, and the mixed reactions from the pharmaceutical industry regarding these tariffs [1][2]. Group 1: Tariff Announcement and Industry Reaction - President Trump announced plans to impose "very high" tariffs on imported drugs, with specific details expected by the end of the month [1]. - Pharmaceutical companies, including Eli Lilly, Novartis, and AstraZeneca, saw stock price increases of over 1% following Trump's comments, indicating a lack of immediate concern from the market [1]. - The tariffs are intended to encourage pharmaceutical companies to relocate production to the U.S., although new facilities may take 5 to 10 years to become operational [1][2]. Group 2: Concerns from Pharmaceutical Executives - Pfizer's CEO stated that the threat of tariffs is hindering further investment in R&D and manufacturing in the U.S. [2]. - Eli Lilly's CEO expressed skepticism about tariffs resolving national security concerns related to the U.S. drug supply chain [2]. - Merck is shifting inventory of its top-selling cancer drug, Keytruda, to the U.S. to ensure supply through the end of the year [2]. Group 3: Import Statistics and Manufacturing Trends - In 2023, the U.S. imported over $200 billion worth of pharmaceuticals, with 73% sourced from Europe, particularly Ireland, Germany, and Switzerland [3]. - The U.S. pharmaceutical manufacturing sector has significantly shrunk, with most active pharmaceutical ingredients now produced overseas, primarily in China and other countries [3]. - Approximately 90% of prescription drugs in the U.S. are generic drugs, and imposing tariffs on these lower-margin products could lead to market exits and exacerbate shortages of essential medications [3].