美国加征药品和铜关税，推动战略物资自给

Group 1 - The U.S. announced a 200% tariff on imported pharmaceuticals and a 50% tariff on copper and related products, aiming to boost domestic production and supply chain adjustments [1][2] - The pharmaceutical import value for the U.S. is projected to reach $246.8 billion in 2024, accounting for 7.6% of total imports, with the U.S. pharmaceutical market size expected to be $797.8 billion, representing over 40% of the global market [1] - Major pharmaceutical companies like Merck and Novartis are planning investments in response to the tariffs, with a total of $166 billion in new investments announced by six well-known companies since 2025 [1] Group 2 - Japan's pharmaceutical exports to the U.S. are projected to be 411.4 billion yen in 2024, making up 1.9% of total exports to the U.S., with companies like Takeda planning to invest $30 billion in the U.S. over the next five years [2] - Takeda's U.S. operations account for half of its consolidated sales, and the company is implementing measures to manage the impact of tariffs on imported products [2] - The unexpected high tariff on copper led to a 17% increase in copper futures prices, reaching approximately $13,000 per ton, marking a historical high [2][3] Group 3 - The U.S. is heavily reliant on copper imports, with over 40% of its consumption expected to come from abroad in 2024, and plans to increase domestic production by 70% by 2035 to reduce import dependency to 30% [3] - The high copper tariffs are seen as a strategic move considering China's position as a major copper producer, with Chile being the largest source of U.S. copper imports [4] - There are discussions about the potential impact of tariffs on U.S. investments in South American copper mines, which are partly funded by Japanese companies [4]