血液中铅含量超标有哪些影响？专家详解→

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the decline in blood lead levels among children in China and emphasizes the importance of screening, detection, and treatment methods for lead and other heavy metal pollution, as well as preventive measures for institutions and individuals [1][4]. Summary by Sections Blood Lead Levels and Health Impact - Normal blood lead levels in humans are generally below 50μg/L. Lead enters the body primarily through the digestive system (70%-80%), followed by inhalation and skin contact. Accumulation in the brain can lead to irreversible cognitive decline in children [2]. Treatment and Detection - Lead removal typically occurs through gastrointestinal excretion, and some patients may require chelating agents to expedite this process. Even after treatment, lead stored in bones can gradually re-enter the bloodstream [3][4]. Screening Guidelines - The 2006 "Guidelines for the Prevention of High Lead Levels and Lead Poisoning in Children" indicates that most children have low blood lead levels, thus universal screening is unnecessary, except in areas with industrial lead pollution [4][5]. Monitoring and Emergency Response - Institutions should conduct soil checks in agricultural areas and ensure compliance with safety standards in schools. Environmental monitoring by local authorities is crucial to detect significant fluctuations in heavy metal levels [7][8]. Individual Prevention Measures - Individuals, especially those at high risk, should maintain personal hygiene, ensure food safety, and use safe materials for children's utensils. Regular monitoring is advised for those potentially exposed to lead [9][10].