被改写的中国迁徙版图

Core Insights - The article discusses the changing population dynamics in China, highlighting a shift in migration patterns among graduates and migrant workers, with a notable trend of returning to hometowns and a preference for provincial capitals over major cities [1][10][15]. Group 1: Population Trends - In 2024, eight provinces in China experienced positive population growth, a decrease from eleven in 2023, while twenty provinces saw a total population decline of 3.04 million [1]. - The total number of migrant workers in China reached 29.973 million in 2024, an increase of 220,000 from the previous year, with a notable shift towards local mobility rather than interprovincial migration [10][14]. - The population in Chongqing decreased slightly, but mechanical growth exceeded 80,000 due to returning migrant workers [13]. Group 2: Graduate Employment Preferences - Many graduates prefer to stay in their hometowns for employment, citing a lack of competitive advantages in larger cities [4][19]. - The talent attraction report indicates that the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions continue to attract graduates, with Zhejiang and Guangdong leading in population growth [4][5]. - The number of provinces with positive population growth has been declining, with only eight provinces showing growth in 2024 compared to fifteen in 2021 [5]. Group 3: Provincial Capitals' Appeal - Provincial capitals are becoming increasingly popular due to better infrastructure, job opportunities, and lower living costs compared to first-tier cities [15][16]. - In 2024, 23 out of 25 provincial capitals reported positive population growth, contrasting with the declining populations in major cities like Beijing and Shanghai [16][18]. - The article notes that while first-tier cities still offer high salaries and job opportunities, the high cost of living and competition are driving some individuals towards second and third-tier cities or provincial capitals [19][20].