经观社论｜城市中国的历史转向

Core Viewpoint - The central urban work conference indicates a strategic shift in China's urbanization from rapid growth to stable development, emphasizing quality over quantity in urban planning and policies [2][4]. Group 1: Urbanization Transition - China's urbanization rate increased from 53.1% in 2012 to 67% in 2024, with urban population rising from 720 million to 940 million, highlighting a significant demographic shift [2]. - The conference outlines a transition from large-scale urban expansion to enhancing existing urban quality and efficiency, marking a critical strategic change [2][3]. Group 2: Development Principles - The new urban development principles focus on being people-oriented, efficient, distinctive, governance-focused, and coordinated, shifting the emphasis from superficial growth to substantive development [3][4]. - The need for systematic adjustments in urban planning, development policies, and social services is emphasized, moving away from entrenched growth-oriented values [4]. Group 3: Population Dynamics - As urban populations stabilize, there is a trend of population concentration in urban clusters, leading to some cities experiencing population decline, which poses challenges for urban governance [4]. - The competition among cities to attract high-educated young people is intensifying, with these individuals prioritizing livability and educational opportunities alongside job prospects [5]. Group 4: Future Urban Planning - The ongoing process of integrating migrant workers into urban life continues, driven by aspirations for a better quality of life, necessitating cities to adapt to these evolving expectations [5].