对话世卫官员：气候变化加剧病媒疾病扩散，但全球应对资金不足

Core Viewpoint - Climate change is rapidly reshaping disease patterns in the Western Pacific region, exacerbating the spread of vector-borne diseases and worsening non-communicable diseases due to high temperatures and air pollution [1][2]. Group 1: Climate Change and Health Risks - The WHO estimates that climate change will lead to an additional 250,000 deaths globally each year between 2030 and 2050 [1]. - The Western Pacific region, despite its minimal contribution to global emissions, faces significant public health risks due to urbanization, aging populations, and frequent extreme weather events [1][2]. - The spread of the chikungunya virus has been reported in 119 countries, with approximately 5.5 million people at risk of infection [1][2]. Group 2: Vector-Borne Diseases - The rise in chikungunya cases in non-tropical regions is attributed to climate change, environmental factors, urbanization, and population movement [2]. - Other vector-borne diseases of concern include dengue fever and malaria, which have previously seen little outbreak activity in non-tropical countries [2]. - Existing vaccines for these diseases are unevenly supplied and often lack sufficient protective efficacy, with the chikungunya vaccines currently unavailable in China [2][3]. Group 3: Monitoring and Response Systems - There is a need to improve multi-sectoral monitoring networks and early warning systems for zoonotic diseases [3]. - Reliable data from various sources is crucial for accurate disease prediction and public health response [3]. - The integration of AI and other technologies presents opportunities for enhancing climate and health monitoring systems [3]. Group 4: China's Progress and Global Implications - China has made strides in disease monitoring, including the upcoming implementation of a new Infectious Disease Prevention Law [4]. - The country has developed extreme weather warning systems and invested in green health infrastructure, providing a model for other nations [4]. - The WHO emphasizes the need for governments to prioritize health issues in climate financing, as health-related interventions currently receive less than 1% of climate funding [5][6]. Group 5: Future Directions - Future climate financing should focus on four health areas: strengthening primary health care in severely affected regions, developing integrated health and climate data monitoring systems, enhancing health workforce capacity, and accelerating clean energy transitions [6].