《求是》杂志发表习近平总书记重要文章《在全国生态环境保护大会上的讲话》

Core Viewpoint - The conference on ecological environment protection emphasizes the importance of ecological civilization in achieving sustainable development and outlines the significant achievements and future directions for ecological protection in China [2][4][10]. Achievements in Ecological Civilization - Since the 18th National Congress, China has made unprecedented progress in ecological civilization, addressing major environmental issues and improving ecological governance [4][5]. - The proportion of good quality surface water in the country has reached 87.9%, and the average concentration of PM 2.5 in key cities has decreased by 57% [9]. - China has become the fastest country in the world to improve air quality, with a historic PM 2.5 level of 29 micrograms per cubic meter [9]. Future Directions for Ecological Protection - The next five years are crucial for building a beautiful China, focusing on improving urban and rural living environments and achieving significant results in ecological construction [22]. - The government aims to continue the pollution prevention and control campaign, emphasizing precise, scientific, and legal measures to improve environmental quality [23][25][26]. Key Relationships in Ecological Civilization - The relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection is critical, with a focus on integrating ecological protection into all aspects of economic and social development [12][13]. - Emphasis on collaborative governance and addressing major ecological issues through coordinated efforts across various sectors and regions [14][15]. - The balance between natural recovery and artificial restoration is essential, advocating for a primary reliance on natural recovery while recognizing the need for human intervention in severely damaged ecosystems [18]. Carbon Neutrality Goals - The commitment to peak carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality is a strategic decision, with a focus on self-directed actions rather than external pressures [20][21]. - The government plans to implement a step-by-step approach to carbon reduction, ensuring energy security while promoting green and low-carbon development [34][35]. Strengthening Ecological Protection - The establishment of a comprehensive ecological protection system is necessary, including strict legal frameworks and enhanced monitoring and enforcement mechanisms [37][39]. - The promotion of green finance and market mechanisms to support ecological protection and restoration efforts [38]. Leadership in Ecological Civilization - The importance of strong leadership and accountability at all levels of government in advancing ecological civilization and environmental protection initiatives [40][41][42].