邝子平对话印奇：商业模式闭环才能持续推动技术进步，AI时代硬件机会巨大

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the insights shared during the "Qiming Venture Capital · Entrepreneurship and Investment Forum" at the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference, focusing on the evolution of AI technology and its applications in various industries, particularly in the context of hardware and software integration [2][4][18]. Group 1: AI and Terminal Evolution - The next three years are expected to be significant for the "AI + terminal" integration, particularly in the automotive and mobile sectors, with many interesting scenarios emerging [5][7]. - The automotive industry is entering a critical phase, marking the tenth year of smart driving in China, with substantial changes anticipated in technology and product offerings [6][7]. - The integration of AI with mobile devices is seen as a consensus, with potential for the emergence of killer applications, although the specifics remain uncertain [7]. Group 2: Model Development and Industry Trends - Models are identified as the most crucial driving force behind the evolution of the AI industry [10]. - The development of large models has progressed through three learning paradigms: imitation learning, reinforcement learning, and future autonomous learning, with significant iterations expected every 18-24 months [12][13]. - There is a perceived six-month gap between China and the US in model development, although the gap in computational power consumption is widening, indicating a divergence in innovation approaches [15]. Group 3: Business Model and Market Dynamics - A sustainable business model is essential for driving technological advancement, with a focus on creating a closed-loop system that integrates technology, product, and commercialization [18][19]. - The competitive landscape for pure software applications in AI is challenging, with significant players like ByteDance and Tencent dominating the market [21][22]. - Hardware presents substantial opportunities beyond just automotive and mobile sectors, with a need for AI services to define the hardware's role [20][23]. Group 4: Future of AI Operating Systems - The future of AI operating systems is expected to undergo significant changes, with the potential for new ecosystems to emerge, particularly with the introduction of advanced AI agents [24]. - The integration of AI services and operating systems will lead to new hardware forms, creating opportunities for both established companies and startups [25][26].