经观社论｜用真金白银传递生育友好信号

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of a national childcare subsidy policy marks a significant step in building a supportive environment for childbirth in China, reflecting the government's commitment to encouraging higher birth rates and addressing demographic challenges [2][5]. Group 1: Childcare Subsidy Policy - The newly implemented "national childcare subsidy" policy will provide an annual subsidy of 3,600 yuan per child until the age of three, starting from January 1, 2025 [2]. - This is the first time the government has established a clear framework for childcare subsidies at the national level, with central government funding covering approximately 90% of the costs [2][3]. - The initial budget for this transfer payment from the central government is around 90 billion yuan [2]. Group 2: Local Government Flexibility - The policy allows local governments to adjust the subsidy amount based on their financial capabilities, providing flexibility to cater to local demographic and economic conditions [3][4]. - There is a suggestion that subsidies could be distributed based on resident population rather than household registration, which aligns with the trend of de-linking public welfare from residency status [4]. Group 3: Comprehensive Support System - The childcare subsidy is part of a broader strategy that includes support across the entire lifecycle, addressing areas such as employment rights for women, education, and housing [4]. - The government is also working on initiatives to promote free preschool education, which is expected to further alleviate the financial burden on families [4]. Group 4: Societal Attitudes and Cultural Change - The introduction of the subsidy aims to foster a more childbirth-friendly social atmosphere, which is crucial for enhancing birth rates [5]. - There is a noted societal trend of "child aversion," which negatively impacts birth willingness, indicating a need for cultural shifts alongside policy changes [5].