特朗普“挥刀”美国药，辉瑞、强生等17家医药巨头被限期降价

Core Viewpoint - President Trump has urged 17 major pharmaceutical companies to take concrete actions within 60 days to lower drug prices in the U.S., threatening to use "all available means" to protect American families from "price gouging" [2][3]. Group 1: Actions Required by Pharmaceutical Companies - Companies are required to commit to providing "most favored nation pricing" for all Medicaid patients, ensuring U.S. drug prices do not exceed the lowest prices in other developed countries [3]. - New drugs must be offered at "most favored nation pricing" to Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial insurers upon launch and thereafter [3]. - Companies should enhance price negotiations with other countries and return overseas revenue to lower domestic drug prices [3]. - A direct sales model to consumers or businesses is encouraged to bypass intermediaries, allowing Americans to access the same lowest prices as third-party payers [3]. Group 2: Current Drug Pricing Context - U.S. prescription drug prices are reported to be 2 to 3 times higher than those in other developed countries, with some drugs costing up to 10 times more [3]. - The letter follows Trump's earlier executive order to restart the "most favored nation policy," linking U.S. drug prices to those overseas to reduce domestic costs [3]. Group 3: Market Reaction - Following the announcement, several pharmaceutical stocks fell sharply, with Sanofi dropping over 8%, and others like Bristol-Myers Squibb and Novo Nordisk declining nearly 5% [4]. - The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America criticized the introduction of "foreign price controls," arguing it would undermine U.S. leadership in innovation and harm patients and workers [4]. - Companies like Pfizer and Novartis expressed their commitment to finding ways for American patients to access affordable medications, with AstraZeneca considering price reductions and direct sales models [4].