对话邢予青：为什么日本这么重视旅游业

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of developing high-end service industries in China to address income inequality and stimulate domestic demand, highlighting the need for skilled talent to create new consumption opportunities [2][4][9]. Group 1: Demand Expansion - The Chinese economy faces insufficient domestic demand and weak consumption, primarily due to a supply focus on basic needs like food, rather than higher-level consumer demands [5][9]. - According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, consumers are now seeking more sophisticated services, which require high-skilled talent to meet these new demands [5][6]. - The development of high-end service industries is crucial for creating new employment opportunities and stimulating consumption, which is essential for reversing the current demand shortfall [5][9]. Group 2: Anti-Competition Measures - The article discusses the need to address unreasonable local government industrial policies that contribute to "involution" or excessive competition, suggesting that solutions should be sought within industrial policy frameworks [2][12]. - It highlights the importance of adjusting regulatory policies in various sectors, such as entertainment and tourism, to foster a more conducive environment for high-end service development [6][7]. Group 3: Global Value Chain and Industrial Policy - The article notes that multinational companies are re-evaluating their global value chain distribution to balance risks, which aligns with the trend of Chinese companies expanding overseas [3][18]. - It argues that the focus should shift from merely increasing production capacity to enhancing the value created by industries, emphasizing the need for companies to move up the value chain [22][23]. - The experience of Japan in transitioning from industrial growth to prioritizing service industries is presented as a model for China, illustrating the importance of adapting to changing consumer needs [10][11]. Group 4: Tourism and Service Industry Development - The article points out that Japan's tourism industry has significantly grown due to government policies aimed at increasing foreign visitors, which has also created numerous job opportunities [8][11]. - It contrasts the immediate economic benefits of industrial projects with the long-term, inclusive growth potential of the service sector, advocating for a shift in focus towards developing high-end services [9][10]. Group 5: Regulatory Environment - The article stresses the need for a suitable social atmosphere and regulatory environment to support the growth of high-end service industries, citing issues like high transaction costs in tourism as barriers to attracting foreign visitors [6][7]. - It suggests that regulatory adjustments in certain sectors could enhance service quality and consumer experience, ultimately benefiting the economy [7][12].