银行业“反内卷”进行时：贷款利率、存款定价、房贷“返点”全规范……

Core Viewpoint - The essence of the banking industry's "involution" is systemic failure under competitive conditions in a stagnant market, leading to asymmetric imbalances in loan and deposit pricing [1][7][10]. Group 1: "反内卷" Initiatives - Banks are implementing "反内卷" measures to regulate competition, including setting minimum loan rates above market rates and prohibiting non-market methods to raise deposit costs [2][3][4]. - The Ningbo Banking Association has initiated efforts to standardize personal housing loan market practices, targeting "rebate" behaviors in the mortgage sector [2][9]. - The "反内卷" movement aims to establish a more orderly competitive environment, with banks encouraged to pursue differentiated paths based on their unique strengths [4][10]. Group 2: Market Dynamics and Pricing - The current pricing mechanism has led to a rapid decline in loan rates while deposit costs remain stagnant, creating a risk of asset quality deterioration due to distorted pricing [1][6][10]. - Banks are shifting focus from state-owned enterprises to private enterprises, which may offer higher loan rates, as part of their strategy to meet business growth needs while adhering to "反内卷" guidelines [2][6][10]. - The competition among banks has intensified, particularly in consumer loans, with many banks previously lowering rates to attract customers, leading to a "price war" [8][9]. Group 3: Differentiation and Innovation - The banking sector is characterized by high homogeneity in services, leading to a reliance on traditional interest margin income and a lack of innovative product offerings [10][14]. - Future differentiation strategies may include leveraging technology and capital to transition into comprehensive financial service providers, focusing on wealth management and investment banking services [14]. - Smaller banks are encouraged to maintain local advantages and serve small and micro enterprises, while medium-sized banks should focus on niche markets [14]. Group 4: Employee Dynamics - Despite the "反内卷" initiatives, employee performance metrics and workloads remain unchanged, with staff still facing high pressure to meet performance targets [16][17]. - There is a need for banks to restructure their employee evaluation systems to balance short-term performance with long-term risk management [17].