外资美妆“利润保卫战”

Core Viewpoint - Foreign beauty companies are focusing on profit recovery and operational efficiency through a series of transformation and restructuring plans from 2023 to 2024, with the common goal of restoring profits as they navigate a challenging market environment [1][4]. Summary by Sections Performance Results - Shiseido's sales in the first half of 2025 fell by 7.6% to 469.83 billion yen, but its core operating profit increased by 21.3% to 23.37 billion yen. L'Oréal's sales reached 22.473 billion euros, a 3% increase, while its operating profit was approximately 4.74 billion euros, up 3.1%, but lower than the previous year's growth of 8%. Estée Lauder's net sales dropped by 10% to 3.55 billion USD, with net profit declining by 52% to 159 million USD, although it turned a profit compared to the previous quarter [2][5]. Measures Taken - The companies have focused on three main strategies: 1. Cost Control and Operational Efficiency: Estée Lauder's restructuring plan includes layoffs affecting 1,800 to 3,000 employees, with further cuts of 5,800 to 7,000 jobs planned. L'Oréal has reduced advertising and promotional expenses to 7 billion euros and administrative costs to 4.2 billion euros, reflecting a commitment to cost control [6]. 2. High-Margin Product Strategy: Estée Lauder is expanding its high-end fragrance offerings, while L'Oréal has noted stronger growth in high-end brands compared to mid-range brands in the Chinese market [7]. 3. Innovation and New Revenue Streams: L'Oréal is implementing a "multi-polar model" to drive growth through technology, local supply chains, and forward-looking investments [8][9]. Market Transition - The shift towards profit recovery indicates a transition from growth-focused strategies to prioritizing profitability due to intensified market competition and shrinking profit margins. Companies like Estée Lauder have initiated profit recovery plans, emphasizing cost structure improvements and reduced high-risk innovations [11][12]. Future Goals - Shiseido aims to restore profitability by 2026, while Estée Lauder targets a return to double-digit profit margins by 2027. L'Oréal remains confident in maintaining high profit margins [14][15]. The companies are also adjusting their strategies to reduce reliance on the Chinese market, which has been a significant source of pressure due to declining sales [16].