账面赚钱、口袋没钱？多光谱AI龙头冲击IPO，能否撑起暴涨估值？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the financial performance and valuation concerns of Haiqing Zhiyuan, an AI vision company, which has recently filed for an IPO in Hong Kong. Despite a significant increase in revenue and a shift to profitability, the company faces issues with cash flow, accounts receivable, and inventory levels, raising questions about the sustainability of its high valuation of 3.55 billion RMB [2][10][13]. Financial Performance - Haiqing Zhiyuan's revenue surged from 117 million RMB in 2023 to 523 million RMB in 2024, representing a year-on-year growth of nearly 350% [3]. - The company transitioned from consecutive losses in 2022 and 2023 to a net profit of 40.41 million RMB in 2024 [3]. Cash Flow Concerns - In Q1 2025, despite a net profit of 14.14 million RMB, the net cash flow from operating activities was -63.63 million RMB, a significant increase in negative cash flow by 318.76% year-on-year [5]. - The company has consistently reported negative cash flow from operating activities in recent years, indicating potential issues with profit quality [6]. Accounts Receivable and Inventory Issues - Trade receivables and notes receivable increased from 21.87 million RMB in 2022 to 146 million RMB in 2024, growing nearly sixfold, which outpaces revenue growth [7]. - Inventory levels have also risen significantly, with a total inventory of 207 million RMB as of March 2025, marking a 555% increase in just three months [7]. Valuation and Investment Activity - The company's valuation skyrocketed from 1 billion RMB in October 2024 to 3.55 billion RMB in July 2025, a 250% increase within seven months [10]. - A newly established private equity fund, Zhida Jiuhao, acquired a stake in Haiqing Zhiyuan just before its IPO filing, raising questions about the motivations behind the rapid valuation increase [12]. Market Position and Competition - In 2024, Haiqing Zhiyuan ranked first among domestic multispectral AI companies with a market share of 3.5%, and it held the top position in multispectral AI model services with an 11.8% market share [13]. - The overall market for multispectral AI is fragmented, with the top five companies holding only a combined market share of 10.9%, indicating intense competition [14]. R&D Investment Trends - R&D expenditures for Haiqing Zhiyuan decreased from 19.76 million RMB in 2022 to 25.15 million RMB in 2024, representing a declining percentage of revenue from 8.79% to 4.81% [16]. - The company faces strong competition from established players in the machine vision industry, which may impact its ability to maintain its valuation amidst declining R&D investment [16].