债务水平仍是困扰，惠誉维持对美国“AA+”信用评级

Core Viewpoint - Fitch maintains the United States' credit rating at "AA+" due to concerns over rising debt levels and fiscal deficits, despite expected revenue increases from tariffs under President Trump [1][2]. Group 1: Credit Rating and Debt Concerns - Fitch emphasizes that the U.S. has not taken effective measures to address its large fiscal deficit and increasing debt burden, alongside upcoming spending issues related to an aging population [2]. - In 2023, Fitch downgraded the U.S. sovereign rating from "AAA" to "AA+" due to anticipated worsening fiscal conditions and ongoing negotiations regarding the debt ceiling [2][3]. - Moody's also downgraded the U.S. sovereign credit rating by one notch this year, indicating the loss of the last "AAA" rating due to rising debt levels [3]. Group 2: Economic Flexibility and Tariff Revenue - Despite rising debt levels, the U.S. benefits from a large high-income economy and the dollar's status as a global reserve currency, which provides financing flexibility [2][4]. - Fitch predicts that tariff revenues will surge to $250 billion this year, significantly higher than the $77 billion expected in 2024, suggesting that tariff policies may help alleviate fiscal issues [5]. Group 3: Long-term Projections - Fitch forecasts that the deficit will increase in the long term, with the debt-to-GDP ratio expected to rise from 114.5% at the end of last year to 127% by 2027 [6]. - Fitch's report maintains a stable outlook for the U.S. credit rating, similar to Standard & Poor's, which also keeps the "AA+/A-1+" rating stable due to the revenue from tariff policies offsetting recent tax cuts and spending [7].