我国自主研发脑机接口，实现重要突破

Core Viewpoint - The successful clinical trial of a brain-machine interface for precise tumor boundary localization during surgery marks a significant breakthrough in China's autonomous research and development of clinical brain-machine interface technology, with potential to enhance surgical outcomes and patient quality of life [1][6][10]. Group 1: Clinical Trial Overview - The clinical trial was conducted in collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Harbin Medical University, focusing on the use of implanted microelectrode arrays for real-time tumor boundary identification [1][3]. - This trial is the first of its kind globally, utilizing brain-machine interface technology for precise localization of deep brain tumors during surgery [1][8]. Group 2: Challenges in Current Techniques - Current preoperative imaging techniques like MRI and CT can locate tumors but have inaccuracies ranging from 5mm to 20mm, especially during surgery due to brain tissue displacement [2][6]. - Existing intraoperative techniques, such as ultrasound and ECoG, struggle to provide real-time, precise differentiation between normal and tumor tissues [2][5]. Group 3: Technology and Methodology - The trial employed NeuroDepth clinical microelectrodes and the AIRCAS-128 high-throughput neural signal detection device, which allows for real-time, high-precision tumor boundary identification [3][5]. - NeuroDepth microelectrodes utilize MEMS technology and can detect neural activity at a spatial resolution of 15 micrometers, enabling single-cell level monitoring [5][6]. Group 4: Clinical Outcomes - The trial successfully identified tumor boundaries in a glioma patient, allowing for complete tumor resection while preserving critical brain functions, leading to improved postoperative language clarity and quality of life [6][10]. - The technology demonstrated the ability to provide real-time feedback on neural activity, addressing the need for dynamic intraoperative identification of tumor boundaries [8][10]. Group 5: Future Implications - The success of this clinical trial is expected to reshape the paradigm of surgical navigation and precision in neurosurgery, promoting the integration of engineering and medical fields [8][10]. - Future plans include expanding the application of high-precision brain-machine interfaces for sensory restoration and rehabilitation in patients with neurological impairments [10].