布鲁金斯学会报告:《描绘AI经济地图：哪些地区为下一次技术飞跃做好了准备？》

Core Viewpoint - Artificial intelligence is transforming the U.S. economy at an unprecedented pace, with a report from the Brookings Institution analyzing the capabilities of various metropolitan areas to absorb, create, and apply AI technology [1][2]. Geographic Distribution of AI - The AI industry in the U.S. is highly concentrated, with San Francisco and San Jose accounting for 13% of national AI job postings, dominating high-end talent and innovation [4]. - A total of 30 core regions, including Seattle, Boston, Austin, and Washington D.C., represent 67% of the AI job demand in the country [4]. Emerging AI Centers - There are signs of AI spreading to non-traditional tech hubs, with cities like Pittsburgh, Detroit, Madison, and Huntsville showing potential in talent and innovation [7]. - Over half of U.S. metropolitan areas remain at a low level of AI development, lacking sufficient talent pipelines and research infrastructure [7]. Three Pillars of AI Competitiveness - The report identifies three key dimensions determining regional AI competitiveness: talent, innovation, and application [8]. - Talent is reflected in the supply of computer science degrees and AI skill profiles, with 14% of AI skill profiles concentrated in the Bay Area [11]. - Innovation is measured by the number of top academic papers, AI patents, and federal funding, with San Francisco and San Jose holding 34% of AI patents [11]. - Application is assessed through the number of AI startups and their funding, with 31% of AI startups since 2014 originating from San Francisco and San Jose [11]. Dual Strategic Choices for Regions - The report emphasizes the need for a "dual strategy" to prevent AI development from being concentrated in a few areas, which could limit national innovation potential [12]. - A national AI support platform should be established, increasing non-defense AI research funding and enhancing data infrastructure [15]. - Regions should develop strategic clusters based on their strengths and weaknesses, as exemplified by Massachusetts' AI strategic working group [15]. Future Outlook - AI's potential as a "general-purpose technology" hinges on its ability to permeate various industries and regions [16]. - The future balance of the U.S. AI economy will depend on national strategies to enhance research and talent investment, as well as regional policies to promote AI applications [16].