经济日报︱做强做优做大海洋产业，推动海上风电规范有序建设

Core Viewpoint - Offshore wind power is a crucial component of clean energy, with China leading in global offshore wind power capacity, emphasizing the importance of developing this sector for energy security and low-carbon transition [2][6]. Group 1: Characteristics and Advantages of Offshore Wind Power - Offshore wind power refers to generating electricity by constructing wind farms in coastal waters below the average high tide line, utilizing abundant offshore wind resources [4]. - China has over 18,000 kilometers of coastline and more than 3 million square kilometers of usable sea area, with a technical development potential of approximately 2.78 billion kilowatts for offshore wind energy [4]. - Compared to onshore wind power, offshore wind power has higher efficiency, is closer to load centers, and has less environmental impact [5]. Group 2: Policy and Planning - The Chinese government has strengthened top-level planning and policy design to promote the healthy development of offshore wind power, including the "14th Five-Year" modern energy system planning [6]. - Policies have been implemented to encourage the construction of offshore wind power bases and promote market-oriented reforms, with a focus on reducing costs and increasing efficiency [6][7]. Group 3: Industry Development Stages - The development of China's offshore wind power industry can be divided into three stages: pilot exploration, scale development, and comprehensive development [10][11][12]. - As of mid-2023, China's cumulative installed offshore wind power capacity reached 44.2 million kilowatts, accounting for over half of the global total [12]. Group 4: Technological and Manufacturing Advancements - China has established a complete industrial chain capable of supporting the annual addition of 10 million kilowatts of installed capacity, with over 60% of global market share in key components [7][14]. - The average capacity of newly installed offshore wind turbines in China has increased to 10 megawatts, surpassing the global average of 9.8 megawatts [13]. Group 5: Cost Reduction and Market Expansion - The average price of offshore wind turbines in China has decreased to below 2,800 yuan per kilowatt, with the levelized cost of electricity dropping to around 0.3 yuan per kilowatt-hour [15]. - The scale of offshore wind power development has created a positive cycle of technological breakthroughs, cost reductions, and market expansion [21][22]. Group 6: Cluster Development and Resource Optimization - The establishment of offshore wind power bases has accelerated the implementation of cluster development, enhancing resource efficiency and promoting high-quality growth [22]. - Key offshore wind power bases include the Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong East, each contributing significantly to the overall capacity and technological advancements [20].