创业邦·2025-09-19 10:26Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing competition among major players in the Chinese retail market, particularly focusing on the rise of "hard discount" stores as a new business model that emphasizes low prices and high quality, driven by digitalization and supply chain efficiencies [5][12][20]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - The competition has shifted from food delivery to in-store retail, with major companies like Alibaba, JD, and Meituan opening new stores to capture market share [5][6][10]. - JD opened its first discount supermarket in Hebei and quickly expanded with multiple locations, while Alibaba rebranded its "盒马NB" to "超盒算NB" and opened 17 new stores in 10 cities [7][9]. - Meituan launched its self-operated brand "快乐猴" in Hangzhou, emphasizing direct sourcing and low prices, attracting significant customer traffic [10][12]. Group 2: Hard Discount Model - The "hard discount" model is characterized by long-term low prices without compromising quality, contrasting with short-term promotional strategies [12][20]. - These stores focus on essential goods, utilizing a simplified store design and direct sourcing from manufacturers to reduce costs [17][19]. - The model targets price-sensitive consumers, aiming for high turnover rates and maintaining product freshness, particularly in perishable goods [19][20]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - The penetration rate of hard discount stores in China is currently only 8%, indicating significant growth potential compared to 42% in Germany and 31% in Japan [30]. - Foreign brands like ALDI have struggled to adapt to the Chinese market due to cultural differences and operational inefficiencies, while local players are better positioned to meet consumer needs [24][25]. - The competition among major players will likely intensify as they seek to replicate successful models and expand into lower-tier markets [33][38]. Group 4: Strategic Advantages - JD's strengths lie in its extensive logistics infrastructure and self-operated supply chain, while Alibaba benefits from its established ecosystem and brand recognition in fresh produce [36][38]. - Meituan has a robust instant delivery network and local market presence but needs to enhance its product development and supply chain capabilities [38]. - All three companies face the challenge of achieving sustainable profitability in a low-margin environment while differentiating their offerings to avoid homogenization [38].