自动驾驶之心·2025-09-23 23:32Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of autonomous driving technology, highlighting the competitive landscape among major tech companies, automakers, and startups, and how advancements are reshaping transportation methods [2][3]. Group 1: Tesla's Development - Tesla is recognized as a pioneer in autonomous driving, with its aggressive data-driven approach that discards traditional methods like LiDAR and high-definition maps in favor of pure visual perception [6]. - The development path includes the transition from modular designs to end-to-end neural networks, aiming to make AI think and drive like humans [6]. - Key technologies introduced include BEV (Bird's Eye View) and Occupancy Network, enhancing spatial awareness and reducing reliance on high-definition maps [8][12]. Group 2: Huawei's Progress - Huawei's ADS technology has evolved from multi-sensor fusion and high-definition map reliance to a "mapless" approach, enhancing perception algorithms and ultimately leading to end-to-end model applications [23]. - The ADS 1.0 version relied on multiple sensors and high-definition maps, while ADS 2.0 marked a breakthrough in "mapless" driving [25][26]. - The latest ADS 3.0 aims for full scene intelligent driving, integrating advanced perception networks and optimizing hardware for better performance [28]. Group 3: Momenta's Strategy - Momenta employs a dual strategy of data-driven algorithms and mass production of autonomous driving products, creating a feedback loop for continuous improvement [33]. - The company focuses on low-cost automated mapping and crowd-sourced map updates, enhancing its capabilities in complex environments [35]. Group 4: Horizon's Path - Horizon has developed a unique path from automotive-grade AI chips to full-stack solutions, emphasizing software and hardware collaboration for efficiency [47]. - The company has progressively advanced from early ADAS prototypes to L2+ and L3 capabilities, with plans for broader applications in 2025 [49][50]. Group 5: Xiaopeng's Evolution - Xiaopeng's autonomous driving journey reflects a shift from multi-sensor fusion and high-definition maps to a "mapless" approach, driven by AI large models [79]. - The XPILOT series has evolved from basic parking assistance to advanced highway and urban navigation capabilities, with significant improvements in system generalization [81][90]. Group 6: NIO's Development - NIO's approach is characterized by a cautious evolution from collaborative development to full-stack self-research, focusing on safety and reliability [98]. - The introduction of the World Model NWM in 2025 signifies a new phase in NIO's autonomous driving capabilities, enhancing cognitive and reasoning abilities [110].