电力市场化改革涉深水区，电价下行如何影响行业格局？

Core Viewpoint - The trend of declining electricity prices in China is becoming more pronounced as the proportion of market-based electricity trading increases, impacting the profitability of power generation companies [1][5]. Summary by Sections Electricity Price Trends - In the first half of this year, the on-grid electricity prices have decreased to varying degrees, affecting net profit margins of power generation companies. The decline is attributed to factors such as policy changes, supply and demand dynamics, costs, and the spot market [2][6]. - Shandong province has announced the results of its 2025 renewable energy pricing auction, marking a significant milestone in the marketization of the renewable energy sector. The auction revealed that the photovoltaic mechanism price was set at 0.225 CNY/kWh, which is 43% lower than the coal-fired benchmark price [2][10]. Impact on Investment Decisions - The decline in electricity prices is significantly influencing investment decisions among power generation companies. Some companies are reconsidering investments in photovoltaic projects in Shandong due to the competitive pricing environment [4][13]. - Companies are advised to enhance their operational capabilities and actively engage with electricity market rules rather than passively adapting to price changes [4][12]. Financial Performance of Power Generation Companies - Longyuan Power reported an average on-grid electricity price of 399 CNY/MWh in the first half of the year, a decrease of 23 CNY/MWh compared to the same period in 2024. Wind power prices averaged 422 CNY/MWh, down 16 CNY/MWh, while photovoltaic prices were 273 CNY/MWh, down 5 CNY/MWh [6][11]. - Datang New Energy noted a decline in net profit margin from 29.90% in 2024 to 27.89% in the first half of this year, primarily due to falling electricity prices [6]. Market Dynamics and Policy Changes - The implementation of the "136 Document" has significantly influenced the electricity market, allowing renewable energy to participate in market trading without discrimination, leading to price reductions driven by supply and demand [6][7]. - The marketization of electricity trading has accelerated, with market trading volume reaching 2.95 trillion kWh in the first half of the year, a year-on-year increase of 4.8%, and market trading accounting for 60.9% of total electricity consumption [9][10]. Future Outlook and Strategies - As the proportion of renewable energy increases, the volatility of electricity prices is expected to rise. Companies are encouraged to adapt their investment strategies to focus on cost control, project site selection, and enhancing trading capabilities [12][14]. - Long-term power purchase agreements are suggested as a strategy for power generation companies to stabilize revenue expectations amidst price fluctuations [14].