关于“世界头号传染病杀手”，张文宏团队开发出新型检测试剂

Core Viewpoint - A new high-sensitivity and high-specificity tuberculosis (TB) testing reagent has been developed by Zhang Wenhong's team, which can quickly and easily detect TB nucleic acids in tongue swabs, with a cost of less than $1 [3][5]. Group 1: Tuberculosis Overview - Tuberculosis remains a significant global public health issue, with over 10 million new cases and more than 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the leading infectious disease killer [3][5]. - The World Health Organization (WHO) reported a rise in TB diagnosis rates in 2023, with 8.2 million new confirmed cases, the highest since monitoring began in 1995, surpassing the 7.5 million cases in 2022 [3][5]. Group 2: Current Situation in China - China has transitioned to a medium TB incidence rate, but in 2022, there were an estimated 748,000 TB patients, accounting for over 7% of global cases, ranking third in the world [5][6]. - In Shanghai, the TB incidence rate is 20 per 100,000 people, indicating the need for continued efforts to eliminate the disease [5][6]. Group 3: Treatment and Prevention Strategies - TB is curable with standardized drug regimens, and prevention can be achieved through screening and vaccination [5][6]. - Zhang Wenhong's team has researched short-course treatment regimens, reducing the treatment duration for drug-resistant TB from 1.5-2 years to 6-9 months, making it accessible for impoverished regions [6].