专家解读丨2035年国家自主贡献目标：我国能源转型持续发力 彰显应对气候变化责任担当

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significance of green and low-carbon energy transition in achieving China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, highlighting the country's commitment to sustainable development and international cooperation in addressing climate change [2][6][8]. Group 1: Achievements in Energy Transition - China's energy consumption reached 5.96 billion tons of standard coal in 2024, maintaining its position as the world's largest energy consumer. The country has made remarkable progress in energy green and low-carbon transition under strong leadership [3]. - Energy efficiency and cleanliness have improved, with energy consumption per unit of GDP decreasing by 11.6% compared to the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan. The share of non-fossil energy consumption reached 19.8%, an increase of 7.8 percentage points since 2015, with expectations to exceed the 20% target by 2025 [3]. - The electrification rate of end-use energy has reached around 30%, with over one-third of electricity being green energy, reflecting a significant shift in energy consumption structure [3]. Group 2: Strengthening Non-Fossil Energy Supply - China has the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system, with installed capacities for hydropower, wind, solar, and biomass power leading globally. By July 2025, the total installed capacity for wind and solar power reached 1.68 billion kilowatts, accounting for nearly half of the global total [4]. - The country has consistently approved over 10 nuclear power units annually, leading the world in operational and under-construction nuclear power capacity. The average power supply reliability reached 99.924% in 2024 [4]. Group 3: Growth of Clean Energy Industry - Since 2015, China's share of global clean energy investment has increased from 26% to around 34%, making it the largest investor in energy transition. The country leads in the production of photovoltaic products, lithium batteries, and new energy vehicles, contributing over 80% of global photovoltaic modules and 70% of lithium batteries [5]. - China's exports of wind and solar products have significantly supported global climate change efforts, reducing carbon emissions by approximately 4.1 billion tons since 2020 [5]. Group 4: National Contribution Goals for 2035 - China's 2035 national contribution goals reflect its commitment to addressing climate change and establishing a fair global energy governance system. The country aims to achieve a non-fossil energy consumption share of over 30% by 2035, demonstrating its responsibility as a major power [6][7]. - The country acknowledges the challenges of achieving significant reductions in carbon intensity while facing rising energy demand, emphasizing its commitment to the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" in global climate governance [6][8]. Group 5: Strategies for Achieving Goals - The strategy for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality includes constructing a green and resilient energy consumption system, promoting structural changes in energy consumption, and implementing dual control over total carbon emissions and intensity [9]. - The focus on non-fossil energy development will be intensified, with plans to expand the multi-source supply system for non-fossil energy and develop a new power system that integrates various energy forms [9][10]. - Emphasis will be placed on technological innovation in energy, market reforms, and international cooperation to enhance the effectiveness of energy transition efforts [10].