气象专家：极端天气的突发性和高强度将成为常态

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unusual climate phenomena in North China, highlighting the simultaneous occurrence of extreme rainfall and high temperatures, which raises concerns about urban safety, energy stability, and climate adaptability [1][3]. Climate Anomalies - This year, North China's rainy season started over 10 days earlier than usual, with the longest duration and highest cumulative rainfall recorded historically, while the national average temperature reached the highest for the same period [3][5]. - The simultaneous occurrence of extreme weather is attributed to the abnormal activity of the subtropical high-pressure system, which has disrupted the typical seasonal patterns [3][4]. Regional Climate Variations - The subtropical high-pressure system's early northward movement has led to prolonged rainfall in North China, while areas under its influence experience high temperatures and humidity, creating a "sauna-like" environment [3][4]. - The climate differentiation within the region results in localized weather extremes, with some areas experiencing heavy rainfall while others remain hot and dry [4]. Disaster Preparedness in Mountainous Areas - Rural and mountainous areas are more vulnerable to extreme weather, with rapid rainfall leading to flash floods, especially in regions where housing is built in flood-prone areas [7][8]. - Recommendations for improving disaster preparedness include enhancing early warning systems, optimizing spatial layouts to avoid building in hazardous areas, and conducting risk drills to raise public awareness [8]. Challenges in Meteorological Forecasting - The prediction of large-scale climate anomalies is challenging, as traditional models struggle to accurately capture the systemic deviations in rainy seasons and flood periods [9]. - Mountainous regions face difficulties in monitoring extreme rainfall due to the small-scale, short-duration, and high-intensity nature of such events, which complicates timely warnings [9][10]. Energy Transition and Climate Change - The acceleration of climate change is primarily driven by human activities, particularly greenhouse gas emissions, with the potential for extreme weather to become a new norm [12][13]. - The article emphasizes the need for energy transition to mitigate climate change effects, advocating for the development of renewable energy sources and improved energy security [12][13]. Urban Climate Resilience - Urban climate resilience is hindered by planning delays, with existing cities often lacking adequate infrastructure to handle extreme weather events [15]. - Investment in rural disaster preparedness is prioritized, as rural areas face more immediate threats from extreme weather compared to urban centers [15].