巴斯夫已布局！刷屏的“诺奖”MOF材料，一文读懂

Core Viewpoint - The awarding of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi for their development of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) signifies a major recognition for the new materials sector, potentially accelerating the industrialization of MOFs [2] Group 1: MOFs Overview - MOFs, or Metal-Organic Frameworks, are porous compounds formed by metal ions or clusters and organic ligands, exhibiting unique structural properties and high application potential [3][5] - Since their inception in the 1990s, over 100,000 types of MOFs have been synthesized, although naming conventions vary across research teams [5] Group 2: Structural Characteristics and Advantages - MOFs possess a highly porous structure with porosity exceeding 90%, allowing for significant molecular adsorption capabilities, making them suitable for applications in gas separation, catalysis, and drug delivery [8] - The structural tunability of MOFs enables customization of properties such as porosity and crystallinity through formulation adjustments, enhancing their functional applications [9] Group 3: Synthesis Methods - Various synthesis methods for MOFs have been developed, including mechanochemical, hydrothermal, and spray-drying methods, with mechanochemical and spray-drying methods showing the most promise for large-scale production [10][12] Group 4: Applications of MOFs - MOFs are widely used in gas storage, separation, and adsorption due to their tunable pore sizes, making them ideal for capturing gases like hydrogen and carbon dioxide [15][16] - They can also serve as electrode materials and battery separators, enhancing the performance of energy storage devices like lithium-ion and lithium-sulfur batteries [18] - MOFs have applications in water purification and recovery, demonstrating high adsorption capacities for dissolved metal ions and enabling water extraction from air in arid regions [20] - Additionally, MOFs are utilized in drug delivery systems and as sensors, benefiting from their high surface area and tunable structures for targeted therapeutic applications [21]