诺贝尔经济学奖：创新是如何驱动经济增长

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences has been awarded to Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt for their contributions to understanding innovation-driven economic growth and the theory of creative destruction [6][7]. Group 1: Award Recipients - Joel Mokyr, born in 1946 in the Netherlands, is a professor at Northwestern University and received his PhD from Yale University in 1974 [1]. - Philippe Aghion, born in 1956 in Paris, is a professor at the Collège de France, INSEAD, and the London School of Economics, having obtained his PhD from Harvard University in 1987 [3]. - Peter Howitt, born in 1946 in Canada, is a professor at Brown University and received his PhD from Northwestern University in 1973 [5]. Group 2: Prize Details - The total prize amount is 11 million Swedish Krona (approximately 8.25 million RMB), with half awarded to Mokyr and the other half shared between Aghion and Howitt [6]. Group 3: Contributions to Economic Theory - Mokyr's work emphasizes that innovation is a prerequisite for sustained economic growth, while Aghion and Howitt focus on how creative destruction facilitates this growth [6]. - The Nobel Committee highlights that the past two centuries have seen unprecedented continuous economic growth, lifting many out of poverty and laying the foundation for global prosperity [6]. - The committee notes that technological advancements rapidly influence all aspects of life, replacing old products and methods, which is essential for ongoing economic growth and improved living standards [6]. Group 4: Challenges and Management - The Nobel laureates illustrate that economic growth should not be taken for granted and that the mechanisms behind creative destruction must be maintained to avoid stagnation [7]. - John Hassler, chairman of the Economic Sciences Prize Committee, stresses the importance of managing the conflicts created by creative destruction constructively to prevent innovation from being hindered by established companies and interest groups [6][7].