普京：全球能源领域面临三大挑战

Core Viewpoint - The global energy sector is facing three major challenges as outlined by Russian President Vladimir Putin during the "Russian Energy Week" forum, emphasizing the reshaping of energy relations, the increasing importance of the electricity sector, and the need for technological sovereignty [1][2]. Group 1: Reshaping Energy Relations - The first challenge is the restructuring of energy relations, driven by the rise of new economic centers and the impact of Western political pressures that have led many European countries to refuse Russian energy, resulting in industrial decline and increased prices [1]. - Russia maintains its leading position in oil production, accounting for approximately 10% of global output, with an expected production of 510 million tons by the end of the year, reflecting a year-on-year decrease of about 1% [1]. - Russia continues to collaborate within the OPEC+ framework to balance the global oil market and is shifting its natural gas supply towards more promising and responsible buyers while enhancing domestic consumption [1]. Group 2: Importance of the Electricity Sector - The second challenge is the growing significance of the electricity sector, with an expectation that global electricity generation will double in the next 25 years, with about 85% of new electricity demand coming from countries in the Global South [1]. - Russia has implemented over 400 hydropower projects across 55 countries and regions and holds nearly 90% of the global nuclear power plant construction market [1]. - Plans are in place to deepen cooperation in the nuclear energy sector with Global South countries through the BRICS cooperation mechanism [1]. Group 3: Technological Sovereignty - The third challenge is the need for technological sovereignty, advocating for energy-producing countries to transition from being equipment buyers to technology leaders, establishing complete autonomy from energy extraction to processing and transportation at the national level [2]. - Russia is committed to comprehensive technological cooperation with foreign partners to enhance its capabilities in the energy sector [2].