探索延长义务教育年限：向下还是向上

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent proposal by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to explore the extension of compulsory education years, highlighting the need for balanced and equitable education as the country strengthens its educational framework [1][3]. Group 1: Extension of Compulsory Education - The proposal to extend compulsory education years is a response to international trends, with a significant increase in countries extending their compulsory education beyond nine years [2][3]. - Statistics from UNESCO show that in 2018, 55.6% of countries had compulsory education years greater than nine, indicating a global shift towards longer educational commitments [3]. Group 2: Implementation and Financial Support - The implementation of free education policies has been gradually expanding, with examples from various regions in China, such as Zhuhai and Shaanxi, where high school tuition has been waived [6][7]. - A significant change in financial support for free preschool education is noted, with the central government covering 50% to 80% of costs, ensuring sustainability across the nation [5][7]. Group 3: Educational Quality and Equity - The article emphasizes the importance of balancing educational quality and equity, with a focus on improving the overall educational environment from preschool to high school [10][11]. - The shift in public expectations from merely having access to education ("having school") to seeking quality education ("having good school") is highlighted as a new demand for the education system [10][11]. Group 4: Diverse Educational Development - The article mentions the need for diverse and specialized development in high school education, rather than solely focusing on university preparation, to reduce academic pressure [11][12]. - Examples from Finland illustrate how extending compulsory education can lead to a more flexible educational pathway, allowing students to choose between general high school and vocational training [11].