中美元首会晤，“能源”如此重要

Core Viewpoint - The meeting between the Chinese and U.S. leaders in Busan highlighted the importance of energy cooperation, which was unexpected by many observers, indicating significant potential for collaboration in the energy sector between the two largest economies in the world [1]. Energy Trade - The U.S. and China have formed a structurally complementary relationship in oil and gas trade, with China importing 963.97 thousand tons of crude oil from the U.S. in 2024, accounting for 1.74% of its total imports, and 415.84 thousand tons of liquefied natural gas, making up 5.43% [3][4]. - The U.S. is the world's largest oil and gas producer, with natural gas production and LNG exports representing approximately 26.6% and 17.3% of global totals, respectively [5]. - China's energy resources are characterized by a lack of oil and gas, necessitating significant imports from abroad [6]. - The trade structure shows that while the U.S. has a trade deficit, deepening oil and gas trade cooperation could diversify China's import channels and reduce costs while helping the U.S. expand exports and create jobs [7]. New Energy Cooperation - In the new energy sector, the interdependence between the U.S. and China is profound, with China being the largest manufacturer of clean energy equipment, producing over 80% of global solar and wind energy components [9]. - Several commercial orders and cooperation projects have emerged this year, including significant shipments of energy storage systems and equipment to the U.S. from Chinese companies [10][11]. Opportunities and Challenges - The meeting has created new opportunities for energy cooperation, including the potential for restarting policy communication mechanisms that could reduce policy misjudgments and provide certainty for corporate collaboration [15]. - Both countries have strong complementary advantages in energy technology and supply chains, which could lead to mutual benefits through localized manufacturing and technological cooperation [16]. - However, challenges remain, particularly due to the uncertainty of U.S. domestic policies, which could disrupt the stability of cooperation [16].