苹果手表已能“读懂”心电图

Core Viewpoint - Artificial intelligence is at the forefront of technological development in the healthcare sector, particularly in the early detection of structural heart diseases using wearable devices like the Apple Watch [3][4]. Group 1: AI in Heart Disease Detection - A recent study utilizing data from the Apple Watch has successfully identified structural heart disease for the first time, which is crucial for improving patient outcomes [3]. - The AI algorithm developed for this purpose is based on over 266,000 complex 12-lead ECG measurements from more than 110,000 patients, demonstrating its capability to detect conditions such as reduced myocardial contractility, valve damage, and myocardial hypertrophy [3][4]. - The accuracy of the AI algorithm in identifying patients with structural heart disease is reported to be 86%, while its specificity in ruling out disease in healthy individuals is 99% [4][5]. Group 2: Research and Development - Significant research has been conducted globally on AI applications for heart disease detection, with a notable study published in "Nature" highlighting an AI algorithm that independently analyzes ECG data with higher accuracy than human specialists [4]. - Experts believe that AI-enhanced ECG algorithms could play a vital role in detecting "hidden" heart diseases, such as heart failure and valvular diseases, thus providing substantial social value [4][5]. Group 3: Future Implications and Challenges - The integration of AI with ECG analysis could lead to a new screening model for heart disease, potentially expanding the coverage of heart disease screening [5]. - However, challenges remain, including the complexity of integrating these models into clinical practice and the need for further optimization to improve their generalizability [5].