人形机器人的轻量化：镁合金与特种工程塑料（附50页PPT）

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of material substitution as a key method for lightweighting in humanoid robots, while structural optimization is ideal but progresses slowly. This reflects the insufficient maturity of the industry chain, leading manufacturers to prefer readily available mature material solutions [4]. Group 1: Lightweighting in Humanoid Robots - Lightweighting is not just about weight reduction; it involves system-level optimization that directly relates to energy efficiency, thermal management, supply chain, and scenario adaptability [4]. - The reduction in weight leads to lower power requirements for motors and bearings, allowing for a broader selection of supply chain options [13]. - Enhanced dynamic stability through lightweighting can improve center of mass control, but materials must possess both lightness and high rigidity, necessitating upgrades in sensors and control algorithms [14]. Group 2: Material Trends - Aluminum alloys are currently the main materials for lightweight applications, while magnesium alloys are emerging as new contenders [38]. - The market for aluminum and magnesium alloys in humanoid robots is projected to reach 101 billion and 37 billion respectively by 2030, with a high CAGR of 130.2%, indicating explosive industry growth expectations [78]. - Magnesium alloys, despite having a market size only one-third that of aluminum alloys, may experience faster growth due to lower prices and increasing demand [79]. Group 3: Engineering Plastics and Material Substitution - The article discusses the ongoing trend of substituting plastics for steel in automotive applications, with a focus on lightweighting through the use of various engineering plastics [86]. - The development of thin-walled and high-performance engineering plastics is crucial for achieving lightweight goals in the automotive sector, with thickness targets decreasing from 2.3mm in 2020 to 1.6mm by 2035 [89]. - Special engineering plastics like PEEK, PPS, and LCP are highlighted for their superior properties, making them key materials for lightweighting in humanoid robots [100][104]. Group 4: Market Dynamics and Company Performance - Companies like Aikodi and Xuji Group are actively expanding their product lines to include aluminum and magnesium alloys for both automotive and robotics applications, indicating a dual-driven growth strategy [85]. - The lightweighting trend is supported by a clear policy direction, but the establishment of a low-cost manufacturing system remains a critical bottleneck [45]. - The article notes that while domestic companies are increasing production capacity for materials like PEEK, they still face challenges in achieving quality consistency compared to imported materials [134].