俄罗斯瞄准新兴国家积极出口小型反应堆

Core Viewpoint - Russia is leading in the practical application of small modular reactors (SMRs) compared to Europe and the United States, with plans to capture 20% of the global market by 2030 and has already begun construction in Uzbekistan [1][5][6]. Group 1: Market Position and Strategy - The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that by 2050, over 1,000 small modular reactors will be operational globally, with Russia aiming for a 20% market share by 2030 [5]. - Russia is actively promoting SMRs in emerging markets, particularly in Southeast Asia and Central Asia, with Uzbekistan being the first country to sign an export contract for SMRs [1][5]. - The construction of two SMRs in Uzbekistan, with a total output of 110,000 kilowatts, has commenced, and the project is expected to cost under $1 billion [5]. Group 2: Advantages of Small Modular Reactors - SMRs have a power output of less than 300,000 kilowatts, which is significantly lower than the 1,000,000 kilowatts of large reactors, allowing for reduced construction costs and shorter timelines due to factory manufacturing and on-site installation [3]. - The operational lifespan of SMRs exceeds 60 years, providing Russia with long-term influence over countries that adopt these reactors [6]. Group 3: Global Competition and Economic Impact - Russia's state nuclear energy corporation, Rosatom, is projected to achieve $17.9 billion in overseas revenue by 2024, doubling its revenue compared to pre-Ukraine invasion levels [8]. - The U.S. and Europe are currently lagging behind Russia in the SMR sector, with the U.S. halting its first domestic project due to rising costs, while Canada has approved a project that may become the first G7 SMR if completed [8]. - Despite increased scrutiny from the West, there remains a dependency on Russian-sourced enriched uranium for nuclear energy [8].