《自然》：脑科学，又有多项新突破 | 红杉爱科学

Group 1: Alzheimer's Disease Treatment Innovations - A new nano-drug strategy has been proposed by a research team from Sichuan University and the Catalonia Institute for Bioengineering, which cleared nearly 50% of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in Alzheimer's model mice within 2 hours and sustained cognitive recovery for up to 6 months [5][11]. - The traditional approach focused on directly removing Aβ, but the real issue is the failure of the brain's waste clearance system, particularly the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) [6][7]. - The new strategy aims to repair the waste clearance system rather than just removing the waste, utilizing a designed nano-carrier (A₄₀-POs) that enhances LRP1's function [8][10]. Group 2: Brain-Machine Interface Breakthroughs - A new type of flexible, stretchable neural electrode called "NeuroWorm" has been developed, which can move within the brain or muscle tissue, allowing for dynamic monitoring of physiological signals [12][15]. - This innovation represents a paradigm shift from static electrodes to dynamic, controllable devices that can provide long-term monitoring of neural activity [15]. Group 3: Chronic Pain Mechanisms - Research has identified a specific type of neuron (Y1R neurons) in the parabrachial nucleus of the brain that remains active during chronic pain, providing insights into potential new therapies for chronic pain management [16][18]. - The study reveals that the brain has an intrinsic pain modulation mechanism, where survival needs can suppress chronic pain signals, suggesting that behavioral interventions may also influence pain perception [20][21].