自然指数：十强科研城市中中国首次占据一半以上

Core Insights - The article discusses the latest research output changes in major global cities as reported in the "2025 Nature Index - Research Cities" by Springer Nature, highlighting China's significant presence in the top research cities [4]. Group 1: Research City Rankings - China now holds more than half of the top ten global research cities, increasing from five to six positions from 2023 to 2024 [4]. - Beijing continues to rank first globally among research cities since 2016, while Shanghai remains in second place [4]. - Other cities in the top ten for 2024 include the New York metropolitan area, Boston metropolitan area, Nanjing, Guangzhou, San Francisco Bay Area, Wuhan, Baltimore-Washington, and Hangzhou [4]. Group 2: Performance of Chinese Cities - Guangzhou improved its ranking from eighth in 2023 to sixth in 2024, surpassing the San Francisco Bay Area [4]. - Wuhan continues to rise in the rankings, gaining one position [4]. - Hangzhou entered the top ten, moving up from thirteenth place in 2023 [4]. Group 3: Research Output Growth - Beijing's research output increased by over 9% from 2023 to 2024, while Shanghai's output grew by nearly 20% during the same period [4]. - In contrast, all American cities in the top ten experienced a decline in their share of research output [4].