耶伦警告：美国面临沦为“香蕉共和国”的危险

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential risks to the independence of the Federal Reserve and the broader implications for the U.S. economy, particularly in light of President Trump's influence and the current AI investment boom [3][4][5]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Independence - Former Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen warns that the U.S. risks becoming a "banana republic" due to political pressures on the Federal Reserve, particularly from President Trump, who has called for interest rate cuts and threatened to dismiss Fed Chair Jerome Powell [3][4]. - Yellen emphasizes that Trump's actions could undermine the long-standing separation between fiscal and monetary policy, damaging the Fed's credibility in controlling inflation [3][5]. - The Trump administration is attempting to dismiss Fed Governor Lisa Cook, which Yellen believes would end the Fed's independence, allowing for political interference in monetary policy [6]. Group 2: Economic Risks and AI Investment - Yellen highlights that the current AI investment boom may obscure underlying economic risks, with significant growth in technology investments projected for 2025 [7]. - A report from Oxford Economics predicts that AI-related investments could see annual growth rates of 20% to 40%, the fastest since the late 1990s [7]. - However, Yellen warns that if the tech sector underperforms, the U.S. economy could become vulnerable, recalling the tech bubble burst of 2001-2002, which led to a 70% drop in tech stocks and a decline in business investment [7]. Group 3: Broader Economic Implications - Yellen expresses concern over the potential loss of scientists and researchers due to tensions between U.S. universities and the Trump administration, which could hinder technological advancement and economic growth [7]. - She notes that the financial markets appear stable, but there are signs of tension, particularly with the U.S. dollar depreciating by about 4% since the announcement of Trump's tariffs [8].