美国：获补贴美企10年不得买中国设备

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a new bipartisan legislative proposal in the U.S. aimed at restricting companies receiving subsidies from the CHIPS Act from purchasing Chinese semiconductor manufacturing equipment for a period of 10 years, with the goal of further hindering the development of China's semiconductor industry [2][4]. Group 1: Legislative Details - The bill is initiated by bipartisan members of the House of Representatives, including Republican Jay Obernolte and Democrat Zoe Lofgren, with plans for a Senate version by Democrat Mark Kelly and Republican Marsha Blackburn [4]. - The legislation covers a range of critical semiconductor manufacturing tools, including advanced lithography machines and specialized equipment for cutting silicon wafers [4]. - The U.S. has invested over $40 billion in the semiconductor industry, focusing on manufacturing equipment, which has seen a significant increase in global market share [4]. Group 2: Exceptions and Impact - The bill includes exceptions, allowing for procurement waivers if specific semiconductor manufacturing tools are not produced by the U.S. or its allies [4]. - The restrictions apply only to equipment imported to the U.S. and do not affect the overseas operations of companies benefiting from the CHIPS Act [4]. Group 3: Industry Concerns - The advancement of this bill has raised concerns among U.S. semiconductor equipment manufacturers, who believe that existing export restrictions to China have already led to a decline in sales and negatively impacted their R&D investment capabilities [5]. - Major U.S. semiconductor equipment companies, such as Applied Materials, Lam Research, and KLA, are particularly worried about the potential exacerbation of their current challenges due to further restrictions [5].