关键原材料，取得一系列重大突破

Core Insights - China's development and utilization of rare metals such as gallium, germanium, and indium have achieved significant breakthroughs, enhancing the extraction and recovery rates of these critical materials [1][2]. Group 1: Breakthroughs in Extraction Technology - The Ministry of Natural Resources reported advancements in efficient extraction technologies for low-grade rare metals from coal, aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc ores, with the recovery rate of germanium from coal increasing from 55% to over 80% [1]. - The average recovery rates for gallium, germanium, and indium during lead-zinc smelting processes have improved by approximately 10% [1]. - The recovery rates for selenium, tellurium, and rhenium during copper smelting have increased from 93%, 65%, and 70% to 97%, 90%, and 80%, respectively [1]. Group 2: Advancements in High-Purity Product Preparation - Key technologies and core equipment for the preparation of high-purity rare metal products have made significant progress, including the development of five core devices such as temperature gradient condensation and directional crystallizers [1]. - China has achieved stable mass production of 8N-grade high-purity gallium through semiconductor molecular beam epitaxy [1]. - The first domestically produced planar high-purity germanium detector has been developed, filling a domestic gap [1]. - Production lines for ultra-pure germanium and other high-end raw materials have been established, facilitating the transition from primary to high-end products [1]. - These advancements have broken foreign monopolies on high-end products, increasing the self-sufficiency rate of strategic metal products to over 70%, which is crucial for sectors like national defense, new energy, 5G communications, and semiconductors [1][2].