新型储能容量电价机制破局：各省政策盘点与发展趋势前瞻

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the urgent need to establish a new capacity pricing mechanism for energy storage in China to support the growing demand for renewable energy and ensure grid stability [2][8]. Group 1: New Energy Storage Capacity Support - The construction of a new power system in China is accelerating under the "dual carbon" goals, with significant increases in installed capacity for wind and solar energy. However, the intermittent and volatile nature of these energy sources poses challenges for grid capacity during peak load periods [6][8]. - In 2023, the State Grid's summer peak demand for new energy storage reached a maximum discharge capacity of 44.53 GW, equivalent to nearly three Three Gorges hydropower stations, providing substantial support during evening peak electricity usage [7]. Group 2: Need for Capacity Mechanism - The previous revenue models for independent energy storage included energy market revenue, ancillary service market revenue, capacity leasing revenue, and compensation revenue in some regions. However, recent policy changes have significantly impacted the demand and pricing space for capacity leasing, making it difficult for independent storage projects to cover their investment and operational costs [9]. - The current market rules do not fully reflect the value of new energy storage capacity, which could deter social capital investment and affect the stability of electricity supply and grid operations [9]. Group 3: Provincial Capacity Compensation Policies - Multiple provinces in China have begun to implement capacity compensation policies for new energy storage to address the lack of revenue mechanisms. These policies primarily adopt capacity compensation mechanisms, transitioning towards capacity market mechanisms in the future [12]. - Compensation methods vary across provinces, including: 1. Discharge Volume Compensation: Inner Mongolia has set a compensation standard of 0.35 CNY/kWh for 2025, while Xinjiang's compensation starts at 0.2 CNY/kWh in 2023, decreasing annually [13][14]. 2. Capacity Compensation: Hebei has established a capacity price of 100 CNY/kW for projects connected to the grid by May 31, 2024, with a gradual reduction thereafter [14]. 3. Mixed Compensation: Shandong and Gansu have implemented compensation mechanisms that consider both discharge and capacity [15][16]. Group 4: Summary and Outlook - The ongoing exploration of capacity compensation policies across various provinces is accumulating valuable practical experience for establishing a unified national capacity pricing mechanism. However, significant differences in compensation forms and fee structures exist, and many provinces have yet to implement such policies [17]. - It is recommended to adopt a phased and regional approach to policy implementation, considering local power supply and demand characteristics, to lay the groundwork for future market-based capacity trading [17].