第一财经·2025-12-02 06:29Core Viewpoint - A-shares have lower trading costs and better market liquidity compared to H-shares, with a current premium of about 20% for A-shares as indicated by the Hang Seng AH Premium Index (HSAHP) being above 120. However, certain companies like CATL have shown a reverse phenomenon where H-shares are priced higher than A-shares [2][4]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - The phenomenon of H-shares trading at a premium over A-shares is attributed to the smaller market capitalization of H-shares compared to A-shares, leading to relative scarcity in liquidity [5]. - Among the six companies exhibiting this "inversion," three are newly listed, resulting in lower liquidity for H-shares, which can lead to inflated prices due to concentrated holdings by large institutions [5][6]. - As institutional investors gradually exit their positions, the liquidity of H-shares is expected to increase, potentially narrowing the premium of H-shares over A-shares [5]. Group 2: Characteristics of A-H Share Companies - Companies with inverted pricing typically share common traits: they are large enterprises with stable operating histories and solid financials, often in traditional industries like finance and energy [6]. - The valuation of these companies tends to be higher in the A-share market, reflecting differing expectations from overseas investors regarding future growth potential [6][8]. Group 3: Foreign Investment Preferences - Foreign investors prefer industry leaders that have a competitive edge in the market, which are often scarce in the international market [8]. - These leading companies usually possess strong brand recognition, stable profitability, and good governance structures, aligning with foreign investors' long-term investment criteria [8][9]. - The preference for H-shares over A-shares is also influenced by the perceived monopolistic characteristics of certain companies, which can lead to higher valuations in the H-share market [9].