我国科学家首次完整实现！

Core Viewpoint - The research team from the University of Science and Technology of China successfully conducted the "recoil slit" thought experiment proposed by Einstein and Bohr in 1927, demonstrating the gradual change in interference contrast of atomic momentum and proving the complementarity principle under the Heisenberg limit [2][3][4]. Group 1 - The team utilized a single rubidium atom trapped by optical tweezers as a "movable slit," achieving the most sensitive measurement under quantum limit conditions [3]. - The experiment involved cooling the atom to its three-dimensional ground state, reducing its momentum uncertainty to a level comparable to that of a single photon [3]. - The results indicated that after photon recoil, the overlap of the atomic momentum wave function increased, leading to a decrease in entanglement between the photon and the atom, thus enhancing the interference contrast of the photon [3][4]. Group 2 - This research marks the first realization of Einstein's thought experiment nearly a century after the debate between Einstein and Bohr, utilizing a ground state single atom as a sensitive movable slit [4]. - The findings contribute to advancements in high-precision single-atom manipulation, single-atom-single-photon entanglement, and interference techniques, laying the groundwork for future explorations in large-scale neutral atom arrays and quantum error correction [4].