重磅解读来了！中央政治局会议研究明年经济工作，如何理解8项“坚持”？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of a proactive macroeconomic policy in 2026, focusing on domestic demand and supply optimization to support economic recovery and growth [1][2][3]. Group 1: Macroeconomic Policy - The macroeconomic policy will continue to be "more proactive and effective," maintaining a supportive stance through fiscal and monetary measures [2][3]. - Fiscal policy may see an increase in central government spending, with a potential budget deficit rate raised to 4.5% and continued issuance of special government bonds [2]. - Monetary policy will remain "appropriately loose," with structural tools supporting key sectors while overall monetary conditions remain stable [2][3]. Group 2: Domestic Demand and Supply - The meeting highlighted the need to "continuously expand domestic demand and optimize supply," indicating a strong focus on enhancing domestic market capabilities [5][6]. - Domestic demand has contributed an average of 93.1% to economic growth from 2013 to 2024, but challenges remain in aligning supply with demand [5]. - The government aims to create a sustainable mechanism for expanding domestic demand, addressing the mismatch between high-end supply and weak demand [5][6]. Group 3: Innovation and New Growth Drivers - The meeting called for "innovation-driven development" to foster new economic momentum, aligning with the goals of the 14th Five-Year Plan [7][8]. - Emphasis is placed on creating a collaborative innovation ecosystem that integrates government, market, and social resources to enhance technological advancements [7][8]. - Current challenges include insufficient investment in basic research and a disconnect between research outcomes and practical applications [8]. Group 4: Open Economy and International Cooperation - The importance of "expanding high-level opening up" and promoting win-win cooperation in various fields was underscored, particularly in response to complex global changes [9][10]. - China aims to diversify trade partnerships and enhance resilience in trade development, with significant projected imports and foreign direct investments from 2013 to 2024 [10]. - Future cooperation will focus on areas such as green trade and international industrial chain collaboration [10]. Group 5: Risk Management - The meeting stressed the need for proactive and prudent risk management in key areas, including real estate and local government debt [11][12]. - Measures have been implemented to address risks in the real estate sector, including optimizing financial policies and establishing a financing coordination mechanism [12]. - The focus will shift towards long-term management of local government debt, with an emphasis on preventing the accumulation of hidden debts [13][14].