中国第二例侵入式脑机接口实现意念操控轮椅

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in brain-machine interface (BMI) technology, highlighting the successful clinical trials that enable patients with high-level paralysis to control smart devices and interact with the physical world using their thoughts. This represents a significant leap from controlling electronic devices to engaging with real-world applications [3][5]. Summary by Sections Breakthroughs in the Second Clinical Trial - The second clinical trial showcased a comprehensive breakthrough, transitioning from 2D control of electronic devices to 3D interaction with physical objects, thus integrating technology into daily life [5][6]. Patient Experience - The second patient, who suffered from high-level paralysis due to spinal cord injury, described the control experience as intuitive, likening it to controlling a character in a video game without conscious effort. The system demonstrated stable signal transmission with minimal delay [6][7]. Technical Innovations - Key technical advancements include: - Development of high-compression, high-fidelity neural data compression technology, enhancing brain control performance by 15% to 20% even in noisy environments [7]. - Introduction of neural manifold alignment technology and online recalibration techniques [7]. - Reduction of end-to-end latency from signal acquisition to command execution to under 100 milliseconds, improving the fluidity of control [9]. Future Industry Path - The article emphasizes the importance of collaboration with external smart ecosystems, such as electric wheelchairs and robotic devices, to realize the practical applications of BMIs. This collaboration aims to enhance patient quality of life through a win-win model [13]. - Short-term (within three years) goals include scaling applications for motor and speech function restoration, while mid-term (within five years) objectives focus on sensory restoration and precise control of neurological disorders. Long-term (around ten years) aspirations involve creating minimally invasive systems that could lead to consumer applications [13][14]. Integration with Artificial Intelligence - The relationship between BMIs and AI is categorized into three levels: - "AI for BMI": Utilizing AI algorithms to decode complex neural signals [13]. - "BMI with AI": BMIs working alongside autonomous AI entities for strategic and tactical collaboration [13]. - "Fusion": A potential future where biological and artificial neural networks are deeply coupled, allowing for seamless control of devices as if they were natural limbs [14].